Most cable failures start at the bottom of the door, right where the cable loops onto the bottom bracket. That corner sits just above the floor, where melting snow, road salt and puddled water collect all winter. Over time, the galvanized coating wears off, the strands rust, and individual wires start to break. A cable that looks fine at eye level can be badly frayed down near the floor, which is why we always inspect the lowest few inches closely during any visit to an Elm Grove garage, regardless of why we were called.
Slack is the other common culprit. A cable only stays in its drum grooves while it is under tension. If the door comes down on an object, such as a trash bin, a bike or a mound of packed snow, one side stops while the drum keeps turning, and the cable loosens and can jump off the drum. A broken spring causes the same thing. When the door is raised again, the loose cable may wrap unevenly or bunch up, leaving the door hanging crooked in the opening and wedged against the tracks.
Normal wear plays a part as well. Cables rub on drums, pulleys and the edge of the bottom bracket every time the door moves, and a worn pulley or a drum with a damaged groove speeds that wear considerably. Doors that have been out of balance for a long time also put extra strain on the cables. Most cables last for many years, but rust and repeated slack events can shorten that dramatically, especially on garages that face harsh Wisconsin winters. A quick visual check each season costs nothing and can catch a fraying cable months before it snaps.